![]() Spinal dislocation or slippage (also known as spondylolisthesis), kyphosis, scoliosis, as well as local and overall spine balance can be assessed with X-rays. X-rays provide an overall assessment of the bone anatomy as well as the curvature and alignment of the vertebral column. Soft tissue structures such as the spinal cord, spinal nerves, the disc and ligaments are usually not seen on X-rays, nor on most tumors, vascular malformations, or cysts. X-ray (also known as plain films): test that uses invisible electromagnetic energy beams (X-rays) to produce images of bones.If a pathologic fracture is suspected, the doctor may order the following diagnostic procedures: The importance of increasing awareness amongst radiologists.Įuropean Journal of Radiology 62 (2007), 16-26.The doctor will take a complete medical history and perform a complete physical examination. ![]() Three previously healthy persons with a stress fracture.īy J.L.Bron, G.B.van Solinge, A.R.J.Langeveld, T.U.Jiya en P.I.J.M.Wuisman Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. The use of MR imaging in the assessment and clinical management of stress reactions of bone in high-performance athletes. ![]() Am J Sports Med 1995 23:472-481Īrendt EA, Griffiths HJ. Correlation of clinical symptoms and scintigraphy with a new magnetic resonance imaging grading system. Stress fractures can be divided into high and low risk stress fractures according to their likelihood of uncomplicated healing with conservative therapy.įracture of the posteromedial aspect of the tibiaįredericson M, Bergman AG, Hoffman KL, Dillingham MS. Stress fractures are most common in the weight-bearing bones of the lower extremity, especially the lower leg and the foot (Figure). With ongoing exposure, pain will last after the training, eventually causing the athlete to stop exercising. Insidious onset of pain and swelling over the affected region is the most important complaint, initially during the activity. Sedentary people may also develop stress fractures if suddenly an active Training or training circumstances (new shoes, other training surface etc.)Īnd thus at increased risk of developing a stress fracture. Recruits are subject to change in training intensity (increased), type of Stress fractures usually occur after a recent change in training regimen hasĮspecially professional or recreational athletes and militairy Muscle fatigue can also play a role in the occurrence of stress fractures.įor every mile a runner runs, more than 110 tons of force must be absorbed by the legs.īones are not made to withstand so much energy on their own and the muscles act as shock absorbers.Īs muscles become tired and stop absorbing, all forces are transferred to the bones. When enough stress is placed on the bone, it causes an imbalance between osteoclastic and osteblastic activity and a stress fracture may appear.
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